The hip is a deep ball and socket joint surrounded by strong muscles, tendons and several bursae; the knee is a hinge that depends on the menisci, four ligaments and the thigh muscles for stability. Both are loaded with several times your body weight when you climb stairs or run. The most common causes of pain are overload (too much, too soon, or always the same movement), a sports injury, and osteoarthritis, the wear of cartilage that most people develop with age and that hurts mainly when the joint stops moving well.
What many patients do not expect: a large share of hip and knee pain starts higher up. A stiff lower back or pelvis, a pelvis that is tilted, a hip that lacks rotation or weak gluteal muscles change the way the knee tracks and overload tendons, bursae and cartilage. Pain on the outside of the hip that is really a tendon, pain in the groin that comes from the lower back, knee pain that comes from the hip: we see them every week. That is why the examination covers the whole chain, and why treatment combines joints, muscles and movement pattern.
